Route overview
Spanish national visas are heavy on legalisation. Academic and criminal-record documents generally need an apostille and a sworn (jurada) translation into Spanish before they will be accepted, and this step is where most timelines slip.
Study stays longer than 180 days require a national visa, followed by an appointment for the TIE residence card within the first weeks after arrival.
Short tourist trips follow standard Schengen rules, filed with the Spanish mission or its outsourced visa centre when Spain is the main destination.
Because our own office is in the country, we can sanity-check documents against what Spanish authorities actually accept in practice, not only what the checklist says.
